Polymer adsorption

Xayeysiintu waa ku-dhejinta aoniska ama molecules ee dusha sare ee weji kale. Xayeysiintu waxay ku dhici kartaa physisorption iyo kiimikaad.Ions-ka iyo molecules-ku waxa ay ku milmi karaan noocyo badan oo dusha sare ah oo ay ku jiraan dusha sare ee polymer.Polymer-ku waa unug weyn oo ka kooban qaybo-hoosaadyo soo noqnoqda oo ay ku xidhan yihiin curaarta covalent.Ku dhajinta ions iyo molecules ee dusha sare ee polymer ayaa door ka ciyaara codsiyo badan oo ay ku jiraan: biomedical, structural, iyo dahaarka.

PolymerDusha sare waxay kaga duwan yihiin sagxadaha aan-polymer-ka ahayn taas oo qayb-hoosaadka ka samaysan dusha sare ay si wadajir ah isugu xidhan yihiin.Sagxadaha aan-polymer-ka ahayn waxa lagu xidhi karaa curaarta ionic, curaarta macdan ama xoogagga intermolecular (IMFs).Nidaam laba qaybood ah, dusha sare ee aan polymerka ahayn ayaa sameysma marka qadar saafi ah oo tamar ah loo baahan yahay si loo jebiyo is-dhexgalka oo ay sameeyaan is-dhexgalka.Sidaa darteed, tamarta isku dhafka ah waa mid wanaagsan.Qadarkan tamarta, sida lagu qeexay xiisadda wejiyada dhexdooda, waxay ku kala duwan tahay isku darka kala duwan ee walxaha.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dusha sare ee polymerka, qayb-hoosaadyada ayaa si wadajir ah isugu xidhan oo wejiga badan ee dusha adag ma ogola in kacsanaanta dusha si toos ah loo cabbiro.Xoogagga intermolecular ee u dhexeeya molecules polymer-ka waaweyn way adagtahay in la xisaabiyo oo si sahal ah looma go'aamin karo sida isdhexgalka molecular dusha ee aan polymerka ahayn.[2]Qaybaha hoose ee sida wadajirka ah ugu xidhan waxay sameeyaan sagxad leh sifooyin kala duwan marka loo eego sagxadaha aan polymerka ahayn.Tusaalooyinka qaarkood ee dusha sare ee polymer waxaa ka mid ah: polyvinyl chloride (PVC), naylon, polyetylen (PE), iyo polypropylene (PP).Dusha sare ee polymer-ka ayaa lagu falanqeeyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo farsamooyin kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan: iskaan-ku-ururinta mikroskoobyada elektarooniga ah, mikroskoobyada tunneling scanning, iyo infrared spectroscopy.

Dusha sare ee polymer-ka ayaa leh silsilado dhinac ah oo kala duwan oo ku yaal monomers-kooda kuwaas oo lagu dalaci karo xayeysiisyada ama kala-baxa adsorbates.Tusaale ahaan, polystyrene sulfonate waxay leedahay monomers ka kooban silsilado dhinac ah oo si xun loo dallacay kuwaas oo soo saari kara adsorbates si togan loo dallacay.Polystyrene sulfonate waxay soo saari doontaa adsorbate si togan loo dallaco marka loo eego sida taban.Taa beddelkeeda, polymer-ka ka kooban silsilado dhinac ah oo si togan loo dallacay, sida poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), xayaysiisyada si xun loo dallacay ayaa si xoog leh loo soo jiidan doonaa.

Dhisme

Isku-dhafka polymer sare:Isku-dhafka polymer-ka horumarsan ayaa loo adeegsadaa xoojinta iyo dib-u-habaynta dhismooyinkii hore.Isku-dhafkan horumarsan waxaa lagu samayn karaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo habab badan oo kala duwan oo ay ku jiraan prepreg, resin, faleebo, fiilo dabaysha iyo pultrusion.Isku-dhafka polymer-ka horumarsan waxaa loo adeegsadaa dhismayaal diyaaradeed oo badan, suuqooda ugu weynna waa hawada hawada iyo difaaca.

Polymers-ka la xoojiyay fiber:Polymers-xoojinta fiber-ka (FRP) waxaa caadi ahaan u isticmaala injineerada madaniga ah dhismooyinkooda.FRP-yadu waxay si toos ah uga jawaabaan walbahaarka axial, iyaga oo ka dhigaya wax aad u fiican oo lagu qaado culeyska.FRP-yadu waxay inta badan ku jiraan qaab-dhismeed laminate ah oo leh lamina kasta oo leh fiilooyinka aan jihaynta lahayn, sida caadiga ah kaarboon ama galaas, oo ku dhex jira lakabka walxaha matrix polymer-ka ah.FRP-yadu waxay leeyihiin iska caabin weyn oo ka dhan ah soo-gaadhista deegaanka iyo adkeysiga weyn.

Polytetrafluoroethylene:Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) waa polymer loo isticmaalo codsiyo badan oo ay ku jiraan daaha aan dhegta lahayn, alaabta quruxda, iyo saliidaha.PTFE waa molecule hydrophobic ka kooban kaarboon iyo fluorine.Xirmooyinka kaarboon-fluorine waxay sababaan PTFE inay noqoto walxo jilicsan, wax ku ool u leh jawiga heerkulka sare iyo adkaysiga dildilaaca cadaadiska.Guryahaan waxay sababaan in PTFE ay noqoto mid aan falcelin lahayn oo loo isticmaalo codsiyo kala duwan.

Ku dhajinta polymer-ka ee warbaahinta daloolka leh:Laydhka jirka iyo ku-xidhnaanta makaanikada ayaa ah laba sababood oo waaweyn oo ku-haynsiga polymer-ka ee warbaahinta daloolsan.Haysashada polymer hooseeya ee kaydka ayaa lama huraan u ah guusha hawlgalka polymer EOR.