Waa maxay Fluoropolymer?

Fluoropolymer badanaa waa olefinic polymer kaas oo ka kooban monomers olefinic qayb ahaan ama si buuxda leh sida vinylidene fluoride (CH2¼CF2) iyo tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) (CF2¼CF2).Polymers-yadan ayaa si faahfaahsan loogu daboolay tiro tixraacyo ah.Noocyo badan oo khaas ah oo fluorinated ah waxaa ka mid ah per-fluoroethers, fluoroacrylates, iyo fluorosilicones kuwaas oo loo isticmaalo mug aad u yar marka loo eego olefinic fluoropolymers.

Fluoropolymers-ka ganacsiga waxaa ka mid ah homopolymers iyo copolymers.Homopolymers-ku waxay ka kooban yihiin 99% ama ka badan oo miisaankoodu yahay hal monomer iyo 1% ama ka yar miisaanka monomer kale sida uu qabo heshiiska Bulshada Maraykanka ee Qalabka Tijaabinta (ASTM).Copolymers-ku waxay ka kooban yihiin in ka badan 1% ama in ka badan marka la eego miisaanka hal ama in ka badan comonomiers.Fluoropolymer-yada ganacsi ee waaweyn waxay ku salaysan yihiin saddex monomers:

TFE, vinylidene fluoride (VF2), iyo ilaa xad ka yar chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE).Tusaalooyinka comonomers waxaa ka mid ah perfluoromethyl vinyl ether (PMVE), perfluoroethyl vinyl ether (PEVE), perfluoropropyl vinyl ether (PPVE), hexafluoropropylene (HFP), CTFE, perfluorobutyl ethylene (PFBE), iyo monomers qalaad sida 2,2-bistri-fluoromethyl. -4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxole.

Xeerka wanaagsan ee suulka in la xasuusto waa in kordhinta maadada fluorine ee molecule polymer-ka ay kordhiso caabbinta kiimikada iyo dareeraha, caabbinta ololka, iyo xasilloonida;waxay wanaajisaa sifooyinka korantada sida joogtada ah ee dielectric hoose;waxay hoos u dhigtaa isku-xidhnaanta khilaafka;waxay kicisaa dhibic dhalaalid;waxay kordhisaa xasiloonida kulaylka;waxayna daciifisaa sifooyinkiisa makaanikada.Solubility ee polymers ee dareerayaasha sida caadiga ah hoos ayey u dhacdaa iyada oo kordhinaysa maadada fluorine ee molecule.

Kala soocidda fluoropolymer

Helitaanka PTFE ee xasaasiga ah ee 1938 ee Roy Plunkett ee Shirkadda DuPont wuxuu bilaabay xilligii fluoropolymers.PTFE waxay heshay kumanaan codsiyo sababtoo ah hantideeda gaarka ah.Fluoroplastics kala duwan ayaa la sameeyay tan iyo markii la helay PTFE.Tiro shirkado ah ayaa soo saara caagaggaas adduunka oo dhan.Fluoropolymers waxa loo qaybiyaa laba qaybood oo ah polymers-ka dareeraha leh iyo qayb ka mid ah fluorinated.Fluoropolymers perfluorinated waa homopolymers iyo copolymers TFE.Qaar ka mid ah hanti-wadaagayaasha ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku jiraan xaddi yar oo walxo aan ahayn C ama F.

Taariikhda Horumarinta Polymer

PTFE laguma samayn karo farsamooyin dhalaalid-socod ah sababtoo ah viscosity-keeda sare.Fluoropolymers-ka dhalaalaysa ee dhalaalaysa waxaa soo saaray isku-duubnida TFE.FEP, copolymer TFE iyo HFP, ayaa leh heerkulka isticmaalka joogtada ah ee ugu hooseeya ee ugu hooseeya marka loo eego PTFE (200 C vs. 260 C) sababtoo ah sii xumaanshaha sifooyinka farsamada.PFA, copolymer TFE oo leh PPVE ama PEVE, waxay bixisaa degenaansho kulayl, karti dhalaalid iyo isticmaalka joogtada ah ee heerkulka 260 C. Labada FEP iyo PFA waxaa loo tixgeliyaa perfluoropolymers.

Copolymers-ka ethylene ee leh tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) iyo chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) waxay si farsamaysan uga xoog badan yihiin perfluoropolymers, oo ay weheliso hoos u dhigista iska caabbinta kiimikada iyo heerkulka isticmaalka joogtada ah iyo korodhka isugeynta isku-dhafka.

Copolymers Amorphous ee TFE waxay ku milmi karaan dareerayaasha halogenated ee gaarka ah waxaana lagu dhejin karaa sagxadaha sidii xal polymer si loo sameeyo dahaar khafiif ah.Daahan qallalan ayaa u adkeysan kara ku dhawaad ​​kiimikooyin badan sida PTFE.